Ultrasonic-assisted drilling of Inconel 738-LC

Generally in the drilling of modern aviation materials such as nickel and titanium base super alloys, problems frequently occur in terms of burr formation at the cutter exit, tool stress, high heat generation on tool surface as well as low process reliability. A recent and promising method to overcome these technological constraints is the use of ultrasonic assistance, where high-frequency and low-amplitude vibrations are superimposed on the movement of cutting tools. This paper presents the design of an ultrasonically vibrated tool holder and the experimental investigation of ultrasonically assisted drilling of Inconel 738-LC. The circularity, cylindricity, surface roughness and hole oversize of the ultrasonically and conventionally drilled workpieces were measured and compared. The obtained results show that the application of ultrasonic vibration can improve the hole quality considerably. Improvements of up to 60% have been achieved.     

一种自适应视频图像超分辨率重构算法*

依据图像局部二阶统计量能够反映图像区域变化的特性,以参考帧的局部方差为参数建立凸集投影算子和区域修复阈值的条件,提出了一种自适应选取运动估计误差阈值和图像修复误差阈值的视频图像超分辨率重构方法.实验结果表明,与传统方法相比,该算法重构图像的主观质量得到了明显增强,提高了峰值信噪比.     

基于阈值分割的松材线虫病树计数与定位

松材病虫病是最紧迫的威胁之一,最近对中国针叶林造成了严重破坏,为了阻止松材病虫病的快速传播,必须在早期准确检测和计数受感染的树木。提出了一种基于密度图的方法,用于从高分辨率航拍图像中估计具有松材病虫病的树木数量,方法引入了阈值分割、形态处理和超像素技术,以最大限度地减少由于建筑物和岩石等相似背景物体引起的误差。实验表明,所提出的方法优于密度学习 算法,平均绝对误差、均方根误差和绝对误差方差分别从21.3、22.2和127.2减少到8.0、11.7和59.6,计数准确率从54.7%提高到81.3%。     

旋转电极电渣重熔过程电极熔速的理论解析

摘要：旋转电极电渣重熔通过改变结晶器内熔体的流动和传热规律,增强了渣池与电极间的对流换热,在提高电极熔化速率和生产效率方面具有巨大潜力。提出了电渣重熔过程电极熔化速率的求解方法,并考虑了电极旋转时的强制对流,基于多物理场耦合模型预测了电极直径、转速对电极熔化速率的影响规律。结果表明,随着转速提高,金属液滴由从电极中心滴落向电极边缘滴落转变,高温区由渣池外侧向渣池中心移动。当转速从0增大至90r/min,55mm直径电极的熔化速率从7.90g/s增大至9.68g/s,对比固定电极,转速为90r/min时,生产效率最多提高了22.5%;进一步增大转速,电极熔化速率反而减小。存在一个最佳转速可使熔化速率达到最大,且该最佳转速随着电极直径的增大而减小。     

基于LabVIEW的机械故障信号小波包分解和重构

给出了一种基于LabVIEW快速实现信号的小波包分解和重构的方法.在LabVIEW的高级信号处理工具箱中包含了小波包信号分解和重构的模块,利用这些模块快速实现了小波包分解和重构,针对现在利用这些模块进行编程的资料有限,编译了相关的小波包分解和重构程序,以便于虚拟仪器的架构和故障的快速诊断.最后用仿真信号进行了小波包的分解和重构,证实了该办法的可行性.     

基于多分辨技术的任意控制顶点曲面光顺

在自由曲面的光顺过程中,针对曲面u、v方向控制顶点数任意的情况,以任意控制顶点曲线的多分辨光顺算法为基础,通过张量积的方法,把任意分辨率下的多分辨光顺技术推广到了二维空间。该算法基于张量积运算,用严格的数学推导实现了二维B样条小波的构造及其分解重构算法,由此把原始曲面的控制顶点分解成了低频部分和三个细节部分,其中,低频部分即为光顺曲面的控制顶点,细节部分即为过滤掉的噪声。由于整个计算过程严格遵循多分辨分析思想,原始曲面仍然可以通过重构算法由低频部分和细节部分进行精确重构。在此基础上,通过一个复杂的实例,验证了本多分辨光顺算法的正确性和准确性。     

A preparation method for observing intracellular structures by scanning electron microscopy

In order to observe intracellular structures by scanning electron microscopy, excess cytoplasmic matrix must be removed from the fractured surface of cells. Previously we reported an Osmium-DMSO-Osmium method devised for this purpose. This method is very effective in revealing intracellular structures, but requires osmium tetroxide for initial fixation with some consequent disadvantages. In the present study, a revised Osmium-DMSO-Osmium method is reported, in which an aldehyde mixture is used as the initial fixative instead of osmium tetroxide. As fixation is carried out by perfusion in this revised method, better preservation of fine structures is achieved than by the original method, especially in the central nervous tissue which tends to suffer from post-mortem degeneration. Moreover this method can be applied to cytochemical studies of intracellular structures with a scanning electron microscope (SEM). In this study, acid phosphatase of lysosomes is demonstrated in a coloured SEM micrograph.     

基于超扭曲优化算法的风机最大功率跟踪控制

针对风力发电系统在低风速区采用传统控制方法具有风能转换效率较低、风轮转速跟踪实时风速的性能较差、发电机转矩波动范围较大等问题,提出了一种将超扭曲算法与最佳转矩法相结合的最大功率跟踪改进控制策略。为进一步改善控制性能,采用粒子群算法对控制器参数进行优化。最后以风轮角速度、发电机输出功率、发电机转矩、功率系数等为评价指标,通过Matlab/Simulink平台验证所提方法的可行性与有效性。仿真结果表明,所提控制策略在提高最大风能捕捉能力的同时可有效地抑制发电机转矩的抖振。     

基于物联网标识技术的分布式光伏数据共享系统技术架构与平台建设

提出了一种基于物联网标识技术的分布式光伏数据共享系统建设目标与内容,给出了分布式光伏数据共享系统技术架构与部署方案,对打通多主体异构系统间的信息孤岛,实现多主体系统互联互通具有实际意义。     

Rapid and accurate measurement for phase-change optical recording bits

Conducting atomic force microscopy (CAFM) and scanning surface potential microscopy (SSPM) have been used to image the phase-change optical recording bits. Commercially available digital versatile discs (DVD) + rewritable (RW) with initialization process were measured in experiments. Comparing the measurement results of both, the measurement resolution of CAFM is far superior to that of SSPM. With the DVD + RW disc rotating at a linear speed of 3.5 m/s, appropriate writing laser power range, may be precisely identified by CAFM as 10-15 mW. This is sufficient to verify the high-resolution recording bits research method. This new method may also be applied to the development of new types of phase-change recording materials.